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and , are Japanese terms which literally mean "manga (or "anime", respectively) directed towards children". Children's manga are also known by the word "Kodomo", or "child". These stories are often moralistic, teaching children how to behave as good and considerate people and helping them to stay on the right path in life. The shows are generally stand-alone, or non-episodic. ''Doraemon'' by Fujiko F. Fujio is one of the most notable examples for this manga/anime genre. ==History== The genre started in the late 19th century with the production of short manga, approximately 15 pages long, printed in magazines. These short manga were created as a part of the Meiji era's attempt to encourage literacy amongst Japanese youth. A major milestone in the popularity of Japanese animation was the creation of ''Astro Boy'', by Osamu Tezuka, who is often considered the father of Japanese animation. Children's anime and manga can be divided into four categories. The first category is anime and manga adaptations of Western stories. One example is World Masterpiece Theater. Most of them are TV series. Despite being popular, they are less representative of traditional Japanese anime. Instead, they are modeled after classical American or Soviet cartoons. The second category is unique to Japan. These are manga adaptations and original works. They use linguistic gags and contain references to Japanese society and may be harder to understand for non-Japanese viewers. They are in some ways similar to American animation such as South Park or The Simpsons. An example is Chibi Maruko-chan. Within the storyline, these works contain shounen elements. The third category is cute anime, popular amongst teenage girls. Examples include Hello Kitty and Bottle Fairy. Another category that is closer to shounen is Pokémon. These shows have a connection with popular video game and toy markets, and have the greatest commercial success. Magazines such as ''CoroCoro Comic'', first published by Shogakukan, primarily target young boys, especially those in elementary school. Kodansha's ''Comic Bonbon'' also published children's manga. Both of these magazines are released monthly in Japan. Popular children's manga is also reinvented as anime and is accompanied by a plethora of merchandise. Despite it being aimed at children, children's anime and manga is popular among an older audience. Similarly shōjo anime, like Tokyo Mew Mew or Shugo Chara, are also popular among the "tween" audience. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Children's anime and manga」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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